cell model lab write-up

Introduction



This is a model of a cell and DNA functions using stuff I found around the house.I will be presenting the nucleus,plasma membrane,endoplasmic reticulums,golgi apparatus,mitochondria,lysosomes,and vesicles.I will also cover several processes of DNA, such as replication,transcription, and translation.



picture of a cell that I drew when I was figuring out what I had to show for my blog.



cell part list :

• nucleus : the central region of the cell, in which DNA is stored. The nucleus usually appears as a dark spot in the interior of the cell.




• plasma membrane : a thin membrane (a double layer of lipids) enclosing the cytoplasm of a cell; proteins in the membrane control passage of ions in and out of the cell.




• rough ER : (rough endoplasmic reticulum) network of tubular membranes studded with ribosomes




• smooth ER : (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) roughER without the ribosomes




• golgi apparatus : An organelle that stores and modifies proteins for specific functions and prepares them for transport to other parts of the cell




• flagella with microtubules : a long, lashlike part of the cell serving as an organ of locomotion. Microtubules surround this to give it support.




• mitochondria : the powerhouse of the cell that produces ATP.




• lysosomes : function is digestion


• vesicles : Membrane-bound sac. Stores or transports the products of metabolism in the cell and is sometimes the site for the breaking down of metabolic wastes. Vesicles bulge out and break off from the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus.

presentation

the nucleus is the plastic container with glitter all over it for the nuclear pores, and the pizza platter is the cell(plasma) membrane. this is the first stage in how I built the cell.

stage #2 : add piece of messed-up earphones that you found in your room as you wonder how the heck the stuff got into your room in the first place and drape a dog tag chain over this to make the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Add a tiny white-beaded necklace to represent the smooth endoplasmic reticulum as you will find the junky earphone is too short,and throw in some marker caps surrounded with pipe cleaner to make the flagellum with the microtubules on it.

At this time, you are probably thinking that ER is so the shortened emergency room word,but this time that's not the case.

stage #3 : find some fancy blue colored string and use it to make what would be the golgi apparatus, except that the cell ingredients are not usually metal,plastic, or thread. Also don't forget to sprinkle all the multi-colored chocolate kisses all over for the mitochondria(red),lysosomes(purple),and vesicles(green). now you have your cell model!

DNA replication,trascription,&translation



DNA processes parts list:

• chromosome : The small bodies in the nucleus of a cell that carry the chemical “instructions” for reproduction of the cell. They consist of strands of DNA wrapped in a double helix around a core of proteins.




• mRNA : The form of RNA that carries information from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome sites of protein synthesis in the cell. Messenger RNA.


• rRNA : Ribosomal RNA. functions in protein synthesis as a ribosome component.




• tRNA : Transfer RNA. A strand of nucleotides folded into a clover-leaf shape. Picks up an unattached amino acid and brings it to the ribosome for protein synthesis.


• ribosomes : attach to mRNA and move down it one codon at a time and then stop until tRNA brings the required amino acid; when it reaches a stop codon it falls apart and releases the completed protein molecule for use by the cell.
  

the chromosomes are the DNA pair in the center of the pizza pan, which is now the nucleus.

DNA replication: DNA unzips and two strands form as complementary bases attach.

yeah folks,this one's dark,and that's because I shrunk and got a real pic ^-^...just kidding :)

DNA transcription : DNA double helix unzips and mRNA forms where replication would normally appear.

DNA translation : tRNA connects the picked up ribosomes with it's match at the ribosomal subunits where the tRNA and mRNA meet.It's like a change box, mRNA and tRNA go in, polypeptide chains go out.
conclusion

so this model basically shows the basic structure of a cell,what cromosomes are as well as DNA replication,transcription, &translation.

I learned a lot of different things from doing this lab, including how to be creative with household objects,what a flagella is,that tRNA is cloverleaf shaped, and the structure of the endoplasmic reticulum.